Southern perspective / Perspectiva austral
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African Heritage in the New World: Exploring Afro-descendant Influence in Latin America
This study delves into the profound African influence on Latin American culture, unveiling its indelible imprint on music, dance, spirituality, and culinary traditions. The primary objective is to illuminate the historically underappreciated contributions of Afro-descendant communities, thereby enriching the academic corpus and fostering broader recognition of their cultural heritage. Employing a qualitative methodology within a socio-critical paradigm, the research is grounded in a comprehensive literature review, ensuring a nuanced understanding of the cultural amalgamation and its socio-economic ramifications. Findings highlight the vibrant integration of African heritage across various societal spheres, yet also underscore significant gaps in literature, particularly in recognizing contributions beyond the cultural domain. The study concludes that while the rich African legacy in Latin America is undeniable, its full spectrum and depth are yet to be fully acknowledged. It calls for a more inclusive narrative that transcends conventional cultural domains, extending into realms of education, policy, and socio-economic development. Future research should address these lacunae, fostering a more inclusive and equitable representation of Afro-descendant influences in the fabric of Latin American culture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jhonny Richard Rodriguez-Barboza (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Branding on Screen: Cinema, Color, and Thought in Audiovisual Discourse
This article focuses on analyzing semiotics in cinema, understanding that film goes beyond being merely a tool for entertainment to become a means of connecting language, culture, marketing, and emotions through semiotics. Through images, sounds, colors, and various narratives, it shows how objects or symbols become part of the story, also influencing the viewer's memory. Special emphasis is placed on product placement, where brands are naturally integrated into the audiovisual narrative. Finally, the article reviews the evolution of semiotics in cinema, from its origins in silent films to the digital age with platforms and social media. It also highlights the importance of color as a way to communicate the emotions within a cinematic narrative.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Nicolás Motta Martínez, Laura Lucia Rodríguez Espinosa, Lorein Nicol Lozano Moreno, Maribel García Rojas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Journalistic Quality in Sports Journalism Ventures in Spain and Mexico, Based on the Concept of Diversity
The increasing consumption of sports content, the versatility of the digital world, the desire to rethink corporate sports journalism, and the need to generate new sources of employment have fostered the emergence of sports journalism ventures in Ibero-America over the last ten years. Many of these ventures are led by communication and journalism students and professionals. This research studies two online experiences in Spain and Mexico: Deporadictos (www.deporadictos.com) and El Míster (www.elmister.substack.com), in order to identify features of journalistic quality in these sports’ journalism ventures, based on the concept of diversity. A mixed methodology with a concurrent design was used, applying digital ethnography (qualitative) and content analysis (quantitative) methods. The results and conclusions indicate that the operation of these two cybermedia outlets displays characteristics of a certain journalistic quality and that, with some adjustments on information, economic sustainability, and user interaction, they have the potential to consolidate as an attractive and diversified informational option for their various Spanish-speaking audiences. Deporadictos from Spain and El Míster from Mexico are led by communicators, journalists, and other related professionals who lack strong corporate backing. This lack of strong support adds to the complexity of meeting the concept of journalistic excellence and maintaining sustainability over time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lizandro Angulo Rincón (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perspectives of the Solidarity Economy from Cooperativism for cocoa sector in Norte de Santander with a view to Internationalization
The solidarity economy is a concept that is based mainly on the economic and common development of associativity of a group of people for a certain benefit. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to analyze the perspectives of the solidarity economy through cooperativism in the cocoa sector in Norte de Santander, identifying opportunities for the internationalization process of the cocoa cooperatives of the department and, in turn, strengthening the sustainable development of the region. The article is approached through a systematic review using descriptive qualitative research methods of bibliographic review; that allows the analysis of the different documents compiling general information on the evolution of the concept of solidarity economy on a global level and the impact of cooperatives in the sector. The main results obtained from the study are the increase in solidarity organizations in the department of the sector, mainly associations such as ASOPROCANOR and ASOCATI; addressing the benefits of organizations as a means of development and growth of cocoa. Finally, the review presents the contribution of associativity represented in cooperatives to create additional benefits of value in the production and marketing of cocoa in Norte de Santander.
Copyright (c) 2025 Carolina Marulanda Ascanio, Eslendy Yari Arias Diaz, Eliana Jazmín Carrillo Castellanos (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Fair trade as a basis for the internationalization of the Norte De Santander sugar sector to global markets
The solidarity economy is an international and national trend, marked by the guidelines offered by the United Nations and the National Development Plan, therefore, it is a topic of interest and an alternative for implementation in different markets; In the case of Colombia, the agricultural sector has great relevance given the geographical conditions that favor sugar cane, among other crops, which in Norte de Santander is also reflected in the small companies that are dedicated to its production and marketing, sugar also forms a trade in which cooperatives and associations have a place and represent their collaborators. Given the previous scenario, this article seeks to analyze fair trade as a basis for internationalization to global markets of the sugar sector of Norte de Santander, through the collection of information from objective and scientific sources, which, when organized and categorized, allow understand the particularities of the object of study and break down each of the topics addressed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nelson Emilio Garcia Torres, Nicole Stefanny Moncada Carrero, Brahyan Steward Monroy Casadiego (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A game between semiotics and beauty advertising on social networks
Over time, the way in which communication is perceived has changed. What used to be television, magazines or print advertising, today is social media. Along with this, there has also been a change in the way beauty advertising is communicated, as it used to not show women of color, robust , with freckles, with short hair, etc. Now it is a little more normalized, as it has influenced women with these stereotypes and they compare themselves to themselves. However , this type of beauty advertising, such as makeup, lingerie or even influencers, still has limits that have made women have a perfect standard of beauty, i.e. the fact of being skinny, having good attributes, a perfect smile, long nails, long hair, etc., to be accepted in society or with themselves, which is a situation that is normalized in social networks. This review article will analyze the impact that this type of advertising on social networks has had on Colombian women and how this has created stereotypes in society itself. It will identify the important role played by aesthetic semiotic codes in this situation and will compare different cases of some brands such as Victoria's Secret and Avon
Copyright (c) 2025 Naira Luna Pérez Manjarres, Karen Viviana Rozo Martínez, Miguel Ángel Muñoz Rodríguez, Maribel García Rojas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Advertising Semiotics in the Socioeconomic Perception of Luxury Brands
This review article analyzed the semiotics of luxury brands as a symbol of status, taking into account how advertising influences this context. The aim of this article is to identify how people who buy products from these brands perceive themselves, as well as how their social environment perceives them. To develop this article, a qualitative approach was used, collecting different ideas from several authors. These ideas go from the concept of luxury brands as a sign of socioeconomic distinction to their representation as an expression of the customers' needs and desires, placing these meanings within the semiotic field. In addition, the article considers how people interact with their environment through sensation and perception, when they connect luxury brands with their representation and meaning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Montoya Alfonso , Heidy Alexandra Romero , Natalia Gutiérrez Rojas , Maribel García Rojas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
differentiated vulnerability in age groups to the effects of climate change: the case of the metropolitan area of pachuca, hidalgo, mexico.vulnerabilidad
In Mexico, differentiated vulnerability is not recognized as a social and historical process that aggravates the fragility of populations in the face of urban risks related to climate change. The “Ley General de Protección Civil” does not consider specific vulnerabilities, resulting in the absence of specialized public policies. In the Metropolitan Zone of Pachuca (ZMP), Hidalgo, population growth and aging make it crucial to evaluate the conditions and resources to face climate risks, with a particular focus on the elderly, who are especially sensitive to these effects. The objective of the research is to establish the basis for designing public policies that address the differentiated vulnerability of age groups in the MPA, Hidalgo. For this purpose, it is necessary to dimension the vulnerability of this group and develop specific policy models to reduce disaster risk. In addition, environmental education is incorporated as a key tool to raise awareness among the population and stakeholders about the effects of climate change, in order to mitigate these risks and promote resilience. A mixed methodology was employed that includes documentary analysis on vulnerability, public policy design, evaluation of the existing legal framework and participatory action research for the educational component, aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 3 (Health and well-being), 11 (Sustainable cities), 13 (Climate action) and 17 (Partnerships to achieve the goals), with the aim of promoting partnerships between government, civil society and institutions involved.
Copyright (c) 2024 Miranda Ruiz Darien (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TERF wars: the construction of identities and virtual communities Sofía de Teresa Trueba
TERF wars are confrontations between feminists who consider that trans women are not women and therefore cannot belong to feminism, and feminists who consider that trans women are women and can participate in this movement. Both groups are creating virtual communities that allow them to express themselves, build bonds of support, represent their values and ideas, and create a group identity. Something extremely interesting about the identities of both sides is that - whether in a state of confrontation or not - they combine elements of gender with issues of social class and ethnic origin. While in trans-inclusive groups communities associated with being dark-skinned and poor are created, in trans-exclusionary groups materials that identify with non-popular social classes are shared. This coalition between issues of gender, class and ethnicity can be understood with the theory of intersectionality, which explains that people are simultaneously excluded because of various characteristics; for example, because of skin color and social class as well as gender, which allows us to understand the emergence of alliances between trans women and dark-skinned women in the context of TERF wars, an issue demonstrated by various researchers within different countries, and which I have been able to detect in Mexico within different social networks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sofía de Teresa Trueba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Afro hair as a symbol of resistance: the identity of black women and the practice of a counter-hegemonic aesthetic
The experience of black women around image and aesthetics is a topic of great relevance; firstly because it is an issue with little scientific approach; second, because it invokes a critical reading of the different forms of oppression and historical invisibilization, to which they have been subjected from the hegemonic aesthetic, and third, because in these circumstances it is necessary to make visible the way in which women resist scenarios of racism, exclusion and denial, from different initiatives that are properly articulated to natural Afro hair and the relationship they build with it. In this order of ideas, this paper aims to present theoretical reflections on some processes of resistance, brokered by black Columbian women from their hair, as part of the vindication of their identity and positioning towards the hegemonic aesthetic. A qualitative methodology is proposed, which uses documentary review as a technique, in order to identify different initiatives that have been investigated from research processes, to evidence the construction of identity processes in black women from natural Afro hair. Within the discussions, the need to address from the academy, the contexts of discrimination and racialization suffered by black women from their hair, to elucidate the way in which they carry out actions of resistance and collective contestation as strategies that allow not only the conservation of historical memory from the meaning that hair represents, but also but also, the strengthening of ethnic/cultural identity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Daira Priscila Gonzalez Mina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of microbusinesses within the framework of the solidarity economy: an international approach for the food and beverage sector.
This international study focuses on the development of microenterprises in the food and beverage sector within the context of the solidarity economy. Its main objective is to analyze and promote economic and social sustainability by supporting small businesses engaged in the production and distribution of food and beverages. This approach involves collecting qualitative and quantitative data from microenterprises in different international settings. Interviews, surveys, and analyses of economic and social data are used to assess the impact of these projects on their respective communities and sectors. These findings highlight the significant role of microenterprises in promoting ethical business practices, job creation, and fostering local and international collaboration in the food and beverage sector. It is concluded that supporting microenterprises in the solidarity economy can significantly contribute to sustainability and economic equity in the global food and beverage sector. This study provides empirical evidence supporting the notion that microenterprises are agents of change in the solidarity economy and have positive impacts both at the national and international levels in the Food and Beverage sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dayanna Barrera Verjel, Mauricio Andrés Balanta Vila, Camilo Fernando Rodríguez Vega (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Responsible consumption and production in textile industry: a critical analysis
Throughout this article, the Sustainable Development Goal twelve: Responsible Consumption And Production is related to the textile sector. A critical analysis is made of this correlation, using qualitative analysis techniques to identify and select relevant studies, research, and sources from various academic databases, government entities, and international organizations. The context is established by giving a description of this sustainable development goal, the textile sector is discussed where the countries that produce and export the most products from the textile industry are mentioned. The analysis of the relationship between these two, mainly focused on environmental impact. It is concluded that the sector in question has a fairly significant negative environmental impact, and that it is important to confront these negative impacts by implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is crucial to take immediate measures to counteract this situation, as it affects the world in general.
Copyright (c) 2025 Oscar Arnulfo Mera Ramírez, Diana Valentina Torres Vivas, Guilmer Leandro Duran Páez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The present study aims to understand the climate of misinformation in Ibero-America during the month of October 2023, a turbulent period from a political point of view due to the coincidence of several Latin American electoral processes and the outbreak of the most critical phase of the war between Israel and Palestine, events that led to an exponential growth in the circulation of fake news and consequently resulted in an increase in the verification work by specialized media. The cases of Newtral and Chequeado were selected as benchmarks, representing Europe and Latin America. However, even when such events were inserted into the media agendas of the majority, the frequency and focus they received differed, and others that responded to particular interests were included. Hence, although in general the research seeks to identify the predominant topics in the hoaxes debunked by Ibero-American fact-checkers, it also aims to define, from the point of view of their content, the dynamics of news selection, thus trying to establish convergences and differentiating features. To this end, a content analysis of the information they publish is carried out, trying to find similarities between the initiatives and to understand the nature and characteristics of the disinformation with which they work. In order to provide the study with a methodological triangulation, interviews with experts in disinformation are included, as well as a critical review of the literature related to the subject.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Sánchez Pérez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Governance and participation in Yucatán, the case of participatory budgeting in Mérida
Introduction: Participatory budgeting represented an innovative mechanism for promoting citizen participation in public management. In Mérida, Yucatán, the program “Design your City” was implemented in the period 2023-2024, with the purpose of involving citizens in budgetary decision-making. Using a governance approach, the research analyzed the effectiveness of this model and its impact on the structure of local participation. Development: The study examined the formal and informal institutional arrangements that underpinned the participatory budget. Several key actors were identified, including the City Council of Mérida, autonomous bodies and civil society. The research was based on a qualitative analysis, using semi-structured interviews and documentary review to evaluate the participatory, collaborative, administrative, financial and legal dimensions of the program. It was found that the implementation of the model depended to a large extent on the capacity for coordination between institutions and citizens. Conclusions: The results indicated that participatory budgeting in Mérida promoted citizen participation, although with challenges in transparency and accountability. While consultation mechanisms were in place, the real influence of citizens on decision-making was limited. The governance of the process reflected a complex interaction between regulations and political-administrative practices, highlighting the need to strengthen the institutionalization of participatory budgeting to ensure its long-term impact.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elías Zapata Godoy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Gender in the interdisciplinary intersections of Art, Archives and Communication as pillars of journalists' training
Although feminist approaches and those of a sustainable world as a whole have been making exponential progress since the 1990s, the shock of the vulnerability of human life and the planet during the global Covid 19 epidemic (2020-2021) called into question the timing of this awareness and the matrices that until now seemed defined. We agree on a perspective that establishes these dialogues in communication, art and the archive as a record, memory, junction and a return to looking at ourselves as part of the training of future journalists in Cuba. We are anchored in the class exercise Álbum de Familia (Family Album) (2017-2018-2019-2020- 2021-2022). Without a doubt, there is a before and after 2020, but the before allows us to structure the after-now to redefine the platforms of sustainable life. That is why the objective of this research is to systematize the results of the application of the teaching exercise Family Album as a practice of the introduction of the gender-memory-communication triad.
Copyright (c) 2025 Karla Picart Rodriguez , Maribel Acosta Damas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Bolivian political system within the socio-political conception of Álvaro García Linera
Introduction:The study analyzed the evolution of Political Science from a Latin American perspective, highlighting the need to understand the region’s political systems without applying rigid Western models. The case of Bolivia was emphasized, where the political system underwent significant changes with the rise to power of Evo Morales and Álvaro García Linera in 2006. The 2009 Constitution represented a key transformation by incorporating plurinationality and redefining the structure of the State based on popular interests. Development: The analysis of Bolivia’s political system was based on general systems theory and García Linera’s thought. Five fundamental aspects of state reconfiguration were identified: the shift in class hegemony, the inclusion of new leaderships, the redistribution of power, the institutionalization of political pluralism, and the participation of social organizations. The 2009 Constitution consolidated Bolivia as a unitary, plurinational, and community-based State, granting greater autonomy to indigenous peoples and establishing new dynamics in the exercise of power. Conclusion: The study concluded that Bolivia’s political system underwent a structural transformation based on principles of communal democracy and pluralism. The hegemony of popular sectors and the decentralization of power marked a break with the traditional model. The influence of García Linera’s thought was key to shaping this system, as it incorporated the active participation of grassroots social movements in decision-making.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jorge Bencomo Cuesta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Water and Environmental Education: Pedagogical Field-Object in the Purépecha Indigenous Community of Naranja de Tapia, Michoacánagua
The present work outlines the guidelines of an ongoing research project within the framework of the Doctorate in Education program at the Michoacan Institute of Educational Sciences. Linking formal educational processes with the community space of Indigenous peoples for the generation of environmental knowledge is a growing trend in educational research. This approach is based on the practice and experience of teachers and co-producing social actors, emphasizing the relationship between the school and community spheres. The body of contributions generated by educational experiences in the community's hydric and social space makes it a relevant pedagogical field-object. The interactions among community actors manifest in norms, knowledge, actions, and practices related to both natural and artificial objects associated with water. From Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory perspective, these interactions create a vast repertoire of cultural and social capital, which basic education teachers can integrate into didactic strategies within formal education curricula. The importance of proximity between the school and its community environment suggests the relevance of a curricular pedagogical intervention, intertwining the knowledge from official educational programs with that learned through everyday community life related to water use and management. This approach aligns with the framework of the New Mexican School. The ongoing research employs horizontal methodologies such as ethnographic work and participatory mapping.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Fernando Chávez Durán, Rosalía López Paniagua (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Hegemonic Order in Water Management as a Guarantee of the Unequal Access to the Resource in Cuba
Introduction: Access to water has been considered one of the main challenges facing humanity today. Various narratives have framed water scarcity as an inevitable crisis, linking it to natural factors and population growth. However, this study analyzed whether this scarcity was genuinely a natural phenomenon or, instead, the result of a hegemonic order that promoted the commodification of water and the consolidation of unequal access. It examined how official narratives contributed to legitimizing policies that prioritized certain economic sectors to the detriment of the most vulnerable populations. Development: The study addressed the concept of domination in water management, understanding it as the imposition of administrative models by privileged groups that controlled access and distribution of the resource. It observed how government policies used scarcity discourses to justify the privatization and exploitation of water under market-driven logics. Internationally, it was evident that many nations adopted water management systems that favored the industrial and tourism sectors, while marginalized communities faced limited access to potable water. In the case of Cuba, the study identified the construction of an official narrative that concealed the precariousness of supply in vulnerable areas and used indoctrination mechanisms to minimize citizens' demands. Conclusion: The analysis concluded that the water crisis was not solely due to natural factors but was strongly influenced by political and economic decisions that reinforced inequality in access to the resource. The scarcity narrative served as a tool to legitimize water commodification, while the lack of an equitable approach to water management perpetuated social disparities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jorge Valido Alvarez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Challenges and perspectives of the treatment of feminicidal violence in the Cuban legislative system
Femicidal violence in Cuba is a matter of interest that requires careful analysis. Despite the laws and policies implemented, challenges persist in their effective implementation. The entrenched presence of gender stereotypes in society and limited awareness of the problem continue to influence this dynamic. This research aims to explore obstacles in the implementation of laws and seek ways to improve prevention and victim support, as well as to promote greater awareness of gender equality. It will examine the legal and socio-cultural barriers to change, as well as the prospects for legal strengthening and collaboration between different actors. By understanding the complexities of this issue, the aim is to contribute to a fairer and safer Cuban society for women, offering concrete recommendations to improve the legislative system's response to feminicidal violence.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yolier Izquierdo Cuellar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Are common candidacies viable in the state of Guanajuato? A comparative study of the 2024 local elections in Mexico
Introduction: The study addressed the goals that political parties pursued within democratic systems. It was considered that parties were not static structures, but that their goals varied according to political and social conditions. Based on Strøm's (1990) classification, three main orientations were established: vote seeking, office winning and policy making. Development: Vote-oriented political parties prioritized their electoral performance, often without necessarily seeking public office. In Mexico, this phenomenon was observed due to the relationship between public funding and votes obtained. On the other hand, parties focused on obtaining office sought benefits associated with political power, while those focused on policy implementation prioritized the implementation of their ideology and governmental agenda. In addition, the influence of the institutional context on parties was analyzed, noting that electoral regulations and the structure of the political system conditioned their strategies and objectives. Conclusion: It was concluded that political parties did not follow unique objectives, but that their strategies varied according to their context and needs. Electoral competition, the legal framework and the internal structure of each party determined their orientation. In the case of Mexico, democratization and electoral reforms influenced party dynamics, promoting pragmatism and the formation of strategic alliances.
Copyright (c) 2024 Edgar Everardo Pantoja López (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transvestism in the SS: Political Discourses Against Sexual Diversity During Nazi Germany
Introduction: In 2018, Martin Dammann, in collaboration with sociologist Harald Welzer, published Soldier Studies: Cross-dressing in der Wehrmacht, a photographic compilation of Nazi soldiers dressed in women’s clothing. This publication sparked immediate interest because, during the Nazi regime, homosexuality was persecuted under Article 175 of the Penal Code. The study of this phenomenon was relevant to gender and masculinity studies, as it demonstrated the complexities of self-expression, identity, and body politics. The Nazi regime imposed strict binary gender norms, rejecting any deviation from traditional masculinity. Consequently, transvestism, like homosexuality, was heavily stigmatized. Development: The theoretical framework of Michel Foucault’s concept of dispositif (apparatus) was used to analyze how discourses and power structures shape social norms. The Nazi discourse on sexuality was rooted in a rigid gender binary that condemned non-reproductive sexual practices. Historically, Germany had seen progressive attitudes toward sexual diversity during the Weimar Republic, with Berlin emerging as a safe space for LGBTQ+ individuals. However, when the Nazis seized power in 1933, they enacted policies that criminalized homosexuality and non-conforming gender expressions. Ernst Röhm, a high-ranking SA officer and an openly homosexual man, was assassinated during the Night of the Long Knives, demonstrating the Nazi regime’s intolerance. Institutions like the Reichszentrale zur Bekämpfung der Homosexualität und der Abtreibung were established to police sexuality, and thousands of homosexuals were arrested and sent to concentration camps, where they suffered extreme violence and medical experiments. Conclusion: Dammann’s photographic evidence suggested an underlying contradiction within Nazi ranks. While homosexuality and gender non-conformity were persecuted, soldiers in the Wehrmacht engaged in cross-dressing performances. This practice was framed as artistic expression rather than an identity claim, but it revealed an inherent tension in the hyper-masculine image the Nazi state sought to project. The study of these images exposed the gap between ideological discourse and lived reality, highlighting the complexity of gender and sexual diversity even within the most oppressive regimes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diego Armando Guzmán Villalba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Oral history as a way of constituting the history of rural youth organizations in Cariri, Ceará (1990-2000)
This article is an offshoot of ongoing doctoral research, the subject of which is the history of the Rural Youth Ministry (PJR) in the Cariri region of Ceará, from 1994 to 1999. Due to the lack of documentary sources on its history, we opted for the methodology of oral history for the construction of sources and analysis. Regarding the PJR, it is important to note that it emerged in 1983, as a dissidence of the youth groups of the Pastoral da Juventude Meio Popular, in Pernambuco, and the Pastoral da Juventude, in Rio Grande do Sul. From these localized experiences in the South and Northeast, the pastoral gradually won over more rural youth and expanded to other regions and states of the country. In Ceará, the first groups emerged in the Cariri region in 1994, when a commission made up of 10 young people took on the responsibility of forming groups in their communities. Furthermore, the PJR is a progressive and ecumenical organization linked to the Catholic Church. Having made the necessary considerations about the object that inspired this article, our aim in this work is to reflect on the possibilities of oral history in the constitution of sources and analysis in the field of history, in order to historicize the historical course of rural youth organizations and social movements. In this sense, we believe that oral history has been fundamental in enabling us to learn about the mobilization processes and socio-political and cultural organization strategies of various social groups, in this specific case, rural youth, through oral narratives. By conducting interviews with the protagonists of these organizational processes, we can revive their memories and access relevant information about the past. Therefore, by means of a qualitative bibliographical review of oral history, we intend to reflect on the possibilities that this methodology offers for research in the field of history, especially when it comes to dealing with young people and their various forms of socio-political and cultural organization.
Copyright (c) 2025 Francisco Ytalo de Lima Silva (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Self-care of sexual health in people with vulva who have sexual practices with other people with vulva, city of Rosario (Santa Fe), year 2023
Introduction: Self-care refers to the set of actions that a person performs with their body and their environment, in order to regulate internal or external factors that are perceived to be related to one's own health. Objective: To learn about sexual health self-care in people with vulva who have sexual practices with other people with vulva in the city of Rosario during the year 2023. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. Duration of the study was 6 months, in the city of Rosario. The study population consisted of women who had had sex with other women, over 18 years of age, regardless of their sexual orientation and who went to the squares and parks of the city of Rosario during the study period. A 30-item instrument was applied. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: 89% were cis females with a mean age of 30.94 ± 8.18 years (min.18; max. 57). Forty-two percent identified as heterosexual and 30% as lesbian. In the romantic relationship 29% (n=51) were in a monogamous relationship, 25% in an open relationship, 21% without an affective relationship but with sexual partner(s), 15% in a polyamorous relationship and 9% without an affective relationship, nor sexual partner(s). Of these, 84% had sexual relations exclusively with persons with vulva and 16% exclusively with persons with a penis. Ninety-seven percent had had sexual intercourse, and the mean age of sexual intercourse was 16.77 ± 2.77 years. Sixty-two percent reported the use of sex toys, 70% have practiced tribadism and 66% have practiced oral sex. 65% referred to have never used STI preventive methods in such practices, 34% sometimes use them and 1% always use preventive methods. Conclusions: The study found that the average age of sexual debut was 16 years, the population was sexually active with use of sex toys, oral sex and tribadism. It was observed that the population studied does not make adequate use of condoms during sexual intercourse as a method of protection against sexually transmitted diseases, based on the lack of information about these diseases by health care providers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nazarena Moriconi, Sebastián Gabini, Ariel Blajos (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Youth Strategies in the Face of Climate and Educational Vulnerability
Introduction: The study analyzed the risk and vulnerability in the educational trajectory of indigenous youth as they progressed to postgraduate studies. It focused on students from Intercultural Universities and assessed the social, economic, and cultural conditions that influenced their academic development. The research explored the accumulation of disadvantages throughout their education and how transversal factors such as gender, age, and ethnicity impacted their access to and retention in higher education. Development: The analysis was based on semi-structured interviews with postgraduate students from various public universities in Mexico City. It was identified that educational vulnerability was not only a result of structural conditions but also of material and symbolic inequalities. The study examined educational segmentation and the creation of Intercultural Universities as a governmental strategy to include marginalized populations, although it also revealed that these institutions perpetuated institutional differences. Additionally, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was addressed, which amplified inequalities and forced indigenous students to develop strategies to cope with distance education, such as using community networks and strengthening digital literacy. Conclusion: The study concluded that the educational vulnerability of indigenous youth was exacerbated by the pandemic, highlighting structural inequality in access to education. However, it emphasized their resilience and the strategies they implemented to mitigate adverse effects. The denaturalization of disasters helped understand the intersection of social, economic, and political factors in the education of vulnerable populations.
Copyright (c) 2024 Iliana Viridiana Roa González (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technological resources to promote dynamic participation in the area of social studies of seventh grade students of basic education in the educational unit "Education and Truth" in the 2024-2025 school year
Introduction: in the current educational context, the strategic use of technological resources has become an essential component to enrich the learning experience of students. Objective: to determine the influence of technological resources in the area of social studies to promote the dynamic participation of seventh-year students of basic education in the "Education and Truth" school during the 2024-2025 school year. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on the importance of technological resources to promote dynamic participation in the area of social studies of seventh grade students of basic education in the educational unit "Education and Truth" in the 2024-2025 school year. Results: regarding the frequency with which they use technological devices for educational activities, 53% responded that they do so 4 to 6 times a week, 33% stated that the use of these updated resources within the social sciences subject is very important, a considerable proportion (30.00%) considers the implementation of technological resources important, according to them they consider that innovative teaching methods could improve learning, the vast majority of participants (83.33%) totally agree, the vast majority of participants (76.67%) totally agree that social sciences classes would be more interesting if technological resources were implemented. Conclusions: this methodology provides valuable information to strategically adapt the integration of technology in the classroom, promoting more effective, participatory and meaningful learning
Copyright (c) 2025 Yilena Montero Reyes, Andreina Baque Estefany, Yaritza Yanina Bravo Ordoñez, Wilson Israel Ortega Lema, Alexandra Patricia Parrales Ramírez, Christian Genaro Ronquillo Figueroa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Social perception of the legalization of abortion in young people aged 18 to 25 years at the University of the Armed Forces Espe, Latacunga Centro Campus
Introduction: the legalization of abortion can be deduced as a current issue since it can be evidenced by various factors and events that have been put into public discussion around the world. Objective: to determine the perception of students regarding the legalization of abortion. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on the social perception of the legalization of abortion in young people aged 18 to 25 years at the University of the Armed Forces Espe, Latacunga Centro Campus. The information was collected using a survey. Results: 16.50 % totally agreed, 22.40 % agreed, 41.20 % neutral and 20 % disagreed with the legalization of abortion. 65.90 % of young people are in complete agreement that adequate sexual education could reduce cases of unwanted abortion, 38.50 % are not sure if legalizing abortion is a right by law. The opinion held by the majority of respondents with 36.70 % is to be in complete agreement that legalization of abortion only occurs in specific cases of rape or incest Conclusions: the main finding indicates that they perceive abortion as a normal medical practice like any other that should have safe hospital care. The issue of decriminalization is still controversial in the country because the Ecuadorian constitution does not approve the legality of this
Copyright (c) 2025 Yilena Montero Reyes, Solange Jurado, Marco Pullaguari, Alexander Llano (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Social perception on the legalization of abortion
Introduction: the legalization of abortion can be deduced as a current issue since it can be evidenced by various factors and events that have been put into public discussion around the world. Objective: to characterize aspects related to the legalization of abortion. Method: a review of the available bibliography in databases such as SciELO, Scopus and ClinicalKey was carried out, from which a total of 14 related articles were consulted, empirical methods such as logical history and analysis and synthesis were used. Results: the topic of abortion today is relevant since it is a public health problem and is present in our current social context. Research into people's opinions provides a valuable component on how society perceives the topic of abortion. In the case of women, the desired pregnancy represents a series of motivations related to some type of benefit that motherhood grants her. Abortion is the interruption of pregnancy before the estimated time of gestation of the woman is fulfilled. It is important to address this research topic in social psychology. Conclusions: the legalization of abortion in cases of rape contributes to the dignity of the pregnant woman. The issue of decriminalization is still controversial in the country because the Ecuadorian constitution does not approve the legality of this
Labor inclusion of people with disabilities in Colombia
The low participation of people with disabilities in the labor market has been a problem that has existed for many years, however, it was not always a relevant issue as it is today and that is why this article will highlight the factors. that must be taken into account so that they can actively participate in the workplace. Objective: determine the aspects that influence the adequate labor inclusion of people with disabilities in companies and identify their employability trend. Method: a documentary review was carried out of the research and documents published during the last 5 years in relation to labor inclusion and employability trends for people with disabilities in Colombia. This collection of information had the library as its main source. digital CUN from which much of the data contained in this document was extracted. Analysis and integration of information: For the analysis of the information, the background of the topic, the laws and regulations, as well as the data collected quantitatively and qualitatively, were taken into account. Conclusions: labor inclusion is a very broad issue in which both employing companies and the government play an important role since they must provide the necessary guarantees to achieve active participation in the business environment of people with disabilities
Copyright (c) 2025 María Alejandra López Riaño, Paula Valentina Cruz Castro, Laura Stephania Capera Culma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artificial intelligence and its impact on corporate social responsibility
Artificial intelligence has been a technology that is constantly innovating interaction, consumption and expression in society itself. It is essential to examine the interaction and link between corporate social responsibility and artificial intelligence. To analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on corporate social responsibility commitments and evaluate how these impacts are perceived by organizations, identifying possible benefits and threats. An exhaustive literature review was conducted on artificial intelligence and its influence on corporate social responsibility. This review allowed identifying the possible positive and negative aspects that organizations present when adapting to different social changes. It is necessary to evaluate the link between corporate social responsibility and human capital, since both areas are crucial and complement each other in an organization. It highlights an innovative approach to strategies that identifies the contributions of CSR to different aspects of human talent, both internal and external, and analyzes its influence on personnel performance, a critical factor in organizational decision-making
Copyright (c) 2025 Caren Yuliet Pardo Vásquez, Giovanni Gómez Rodríguez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technological resources to encourage dynamic student participation in the area of social studies
Introduction: in the current educational context, the strategic use of technological resources has become an essential component to enrich the learning experience of students. Objective: to determine the influence of technological resources in the area of social studies to promote the dynamic participation of students. Method: a review of the available bibliography in databases such as SciELO, Scopus and ClinicalKey was carried out, from which a total of 15 related articles were consulted, empirical methods such as logical history and analysis and synthesis were used. Results: the need to involve students in a technology-driven society is very beneficial for an updated education. The integration of technology in social studies lessons improves the learning experience, increases student participation and motivation. Technological resources offer a promising opportunity to support the active and dynamic participation of students. Technological resources, currently, receive different conceptualizations depending on the area in which they are applied. Technological resources play a fundamental role in education, since technology is constantly evolving. Conclusions: the integration of technology in the teaching and learning process promotes more effective, participatory and meaningful instruction, the development of critical thinking, analysis and collaboration skills, preparing students to face the challenges of an increasingly digitalized world.