Confluences between gender and religion: a research experience in Cuba

Abstract

The dialogue between gender and religion in Cuba reveals both female empowerment and the perpetuation of stereotypes and discrimination. Despite policies promoting equality, women still assume greater domestic responsibilities, limiting their participation in paid work. A study by the Department of Socioreligious Studies (DESR) of CIPS in Havana showed that more than 86 % of the Cuban population has religious elements in their consciousness, highlighting the need to address gender and religion in the country. The study "New Religious Movements in Cuba" and other reports reveal that traditional religious practices, such as the Ocha-Ifá and Palo Monte Rules, assign subordinate roles to women. Evangelical and Neo-Pentecostal churches also limit female leadership, while Spiritualism and Buddhism show greater gender equity. The research "Religious freedom and social coexistence in Cuba" focused on rights in religious communities, evidencing perceptions of gender equity and inequity in the Workshops for Integral Transformation of the Neighborhood (TTIB). Interviews and focus groups with adults and children in the TTIBs revealed that gender inequities are easily recognized and discussed. Women expressed criticism of their religions, identifying hegemonic male participation and the assignment of traditional domestic roles. Children also recognized inequity and proposed actions to promote gender equity, such as education and equal distribution of responsibilities. The DESR research underscores the importance of a culture of peace and the eradication of gender-based violence, promoting education that fosters equity from childhood. Despite efforts, cultural and dogmatic constructs continue to perpetuate gender inequality in religions