The Bolivian political system within the socio-political conception of Álvaro García Linera

Abstract

Introduction:The study analyzed the evolution of Political Science from a Latin American perspective, highlighting the need to understand the region’s political systems without applying rigid Western models. The case of Bolivia was emphasized, where the political system underwent significant changes with the rise to power of Evo Morales and Álvaro García Linera in 2006. The 2009 Constitution represented a key transformation by incorporating plurinationality and redefining the structure of the State based on popular interests.
Development: The analysis of Bolivia’s political system was based on general systems theory and García Linera’s thought. Five fundamental aspects of state reconfiguration were identified: the shift in class hegemony, the inclusion of new leaderships, the redistribution of power, the institutionalization of political pluralism, and the participation of social organizations. The 2009 Constitution consolidated Bolivia as a unitary, plurinational, and community-based State, granting greater autonomy to indigenous peoples and establishing new dynamics in the exercise of power.
Conclusion: The study concluded that Bolivia’s political system underwent a structural transformation based on principles of communal democracy and pluralism. The hegemony of popular sectors and the decentralization of power marked a break with the traditional model. The influence of García Linera’s thought was key to shaping this system, as it incorporated the active participation of grassroots social movements in decision-making.